CERN Accelerating science

Published Articles

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2026-01-27
07:47
Development of reference chemical compositions for steel, copper, aluminium and concrete for radiological characterization studies at CERN / Harbron, Richard (CERN) ; Magistris, Matteo (CERN) ; Menaa, Nabil (CERN) ; Theis, Christian (CERN)
The characterisation of radiologically activated waste produced in particle accelerators using Monte Carlo and analytical methods requires the elemental composition of materials to be known or estimated. Different compositions may result in the prediction of different radionuclides and different radiological hazards per detected signal. [...]
2025 - 8 p. - Published in : Radiat. Phys. Chem. 240 (2026) 113436

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2026-01-27
07:47
Evaluation of Different Thicknesses of Chromium Compensated Gallium Arsenide Sensors Using Photon Counting Readout Electronics / Kalliopuska, J (Unlisted, FI) ; Nalyvaiko, D (Unlisted, FI) ; Gnatyuk, V (Unlisted, FI) ; Vähänen, S (Unlisted, FI) ; Jakubek, J (Unlisted, CZ) ; Lange, J (Unlisted, DE) ; Fiorini, M (U. Ferrara (main)) ; Alozy, J (CERN) ; Llopart, X (CERN) ; Campbell, M (CERN) et al.
This work summarizes the evaluation results of chromium compensated GaAs sensors manufactured by Advafab and evaluated with different photon counting readout electronics. Recently Advafab has fabricated GaAs diode and pixel sensors on 3” wafers with 1-, 1.5 - and 2-mm thicknesses. [...]
2025 - 1 p. - Published in : IEEE IEEENSSMICRTSD 2025 IEEE NSS MIC (2025) 11287298
In : 2025 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, Yokohama, Japan, 1 - 8 Nov 2025, pp.11287298

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2026-01-27
07:46
Development and Characterization of the First Multiple Emission Tomography Prototype: A Simultaneous PET and Compton-Camera Scanner / Cassano, L (Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Terragni, G (CERN) ; Arnone, L (Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Presotto, L (Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Pennazio, F (INFN, Turin) ; Fiorina, E (INFN, Turin) ; Mazinani, M Fadavi (INFN, Turin) ; Auffray, E (CERN) ; Pizzichemi, M (Milan Bicocca U. (main) ; CERN)
Contemporary nuclear medicine detectors are typically constrained to either Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) or Positron Emission Tomography (PET) modalities. The Multiple Emission Tomography (MET) project proposes a novel imaging device capable of operating in dual modes: PET-style coincidence detection of 511 keV photon pairs and singlephoton Compton-scattering detection in a single layer configuration. [...]
2025 - 1 p. - Published in : IEEE IEEENSSMICRTSD 2025 IEEE NSS MIC (2025) 11287006
In : 2025 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, Yokohama, Japan, 1 - 8 Nov 2025, pp.11287006

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2026-01-27
07:46
The Nuclear Astrophysics Program at the CERN n_TOF Facility: Results and Perspectives / Milazzo, P M (INFN, Trieste ; CERN) ; Lederer-Woods, C (U. Edinburgh (main)) ; Mengoni, A (CERN ; ENEA, Bologna) /n_TOF Collaboration
The CERN n_TOF facility is a research infrastructure specifically designed for studying neutron-induced nuclear reactions. Pulsed white neutron beams are delivered toward three experimental areas, two of them at different baselines to apply the time-of-flight technique, and another one very close to the neutron source for activation studies. [...]
2025 - 28 p. - Published in : Universe 11 (2025) 329 Fulltext: PDF;

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2026-01-27
07:46
Enhanced generation of single-spike hard x-ray free-electron laser pulses with lower charge and shorter electron beams in the injector / Prat, Eduard (PSI, Villigen) ; Malyzhenkov, Alexander (CERN ; Unlisted, CH) ; Orlandi, Gian Luca (PSI, Villigen) ; Weilbach, Tobias (PSI, Villigen) ; Reiche, Sven (PSI, Villigen)
Standard x-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) produce pulses with total durations of tens of femtoseconds and with time and spectral profiles consisting of multiple randomly distributed spikes. Strongly compressing an electron beam is a typical approach to produce shorter and coherent FEL pulses. [...]
2025 - 7 p. - Published in : Phys. Rev. Res. 7 (2025) L042060 Fulltext: PDF;

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2026-01-27
07:46
A robust predictive tool for the yield strength of irradiated RAFM steels for fusion engineering applications / Tang, YanBang (CAS, Beijing ; CERN)
•An automated machine learning (AutoML) framework builds a stacked ensemble model with superior predictive accuracy for the yield strength of RAFM steels.•The robust AutoML model demonstrates better performance than a benchmark of over 40 conventional machine learning algorithms.•Permutation importance analysis quantitatively identifies irradiation dose, test temperature, and irradiation temperature as the most dominant factors controlling radiation hardening.•Among alloying elements, tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), and tantalum (Ta) are revealed as the most critical contributors to the yield strength of irradiated steels.•The study provides a novel data-driven tool for assessing the mechanical integrity of fusion reactor materials, guiding future alloy design and safety analysis. Reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels are primary candidates for structural components in future fusion reactors, where their performance is critically dictated by radiation-induced hardening. [...]
2025 - 8 p. - Published in : Fusion Eng. Des. 223 (2026) 115572

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2026-01-27
07:46
Development of High-Sensitivity TOF-PET Modules with Depth-of-Interaction Capability using High-Frequency Readout / Terragni, G (CERN) ; Lowis, C (CERN ; RWTH Aachen U.) ; Bonanno, N (Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Riva, C (Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Tribbia, E (CERN ; Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Cates, J (LBNL, Berkeley) ; Pizzichemi, M (CERN ; Milan Bicocca U. (main)) ; Auffray, E (CERN)
Low-dose imaging and small-animal positron-emission tomography (PET) require detectors with high sensitivity. Bismuth germanate (BGO) is a promising solution due to its high density, costeffectiveness, and low intrinsic radioactivity. [...]
2025 - 1 p. - Published in : IEEE IEEENSSMICRTSD 2025 IEEE NSS MIC (2025) 11286667
In : 2025 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, Yokohama, Japan, 1 - 8 Nov 2025, pp.11286667

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2026-01-27
07:46
Charging and lofting of dust particles on surfaces exposed to a pulsed electron beam / Taylor, Kelyan (U. Colorado, Boulder) ; Wang, Xu (U. Colorado, Boulder) ; Horányi, Mihály (U. Colorado, Boulder) ; Schmidt, Rudiger (Darmstadt, Tech. U.) ; Wiesner, Christoph (CERN) ; Wollmann, Daniel (CERN)
We present the laboratory results of charging and mobilization of dust particles resting on an insulating or a conducting surface that is exposed to either a pulsed or a constant electron beam. Dust particles are mobilized on both types of surfaces, but with different mobility levels. [...]
2025 - 6 p. - Published in : Phys. Plasmas 32 (2025) 113702 Fulltext: PDF;

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2026-01-27
07:46
Approximating Coaxial Pulse Forming Line Cables by Rolled Topologies / Stadlbauer, T (CERN) ; Kramer, T (CERN) ; Kaufman, A (CERN)
CERN operates several kilometers of SF6 gas filled coaxial cables. Within the project for SF6 gas free replacements of these 80 kV cables an alternative to conventional extruded cables has been investigated: approximating the coaxial cable by a rolled sandwich construction. [...]
2025 - 1 p. - Published in : IEEE PPPS 2025 (2025) 11248213
In : 2025 IEEE Pulsed Power and Plasma Science Conference (PPPS 2025), Karlsruhe, Germany, 15 - 20 Jun 2025, pp.11248213

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2026-01-27
07:46
The New Operational Quantity Ambient Dose in Environmental Radiation Monitoring / Otto, Thomas (CERN)
The paper indicates that current environmental dosimeters must be modified for responding appropriately to low-energy photons when the new operational quantity Ambient Dose  is introduced.In ICRU Report 95, the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) has proposed jointly with the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) new operational quantities for external radiation. The quantity for environmental monitoring is ambient dose . [...]
2025 - 11 p. - Published in : Appl. Sciences 15 (2025) 12291 Fulltext: PDF;

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